Everyone knows the importance of good health. A healthy body means a healthy mind

Disease is a medical condition in which a person is not feeling well or one or the other organ is functioning abnormally. Slight deviation from the normal functioning of the body is called diseases.

It is visible through the various symptoms There may be many reason of diseases it can be :

  • Mental Stress
  • Bad food habit
  • Physical condition
  • Infection
  • Deficiency of one or the other nutrient
  • Hereditary diseases

 

Broadly disease can be divided into two group:

  1. Communicable Diseases Or infectious diseases
  2. Non Communicable Or non infectious diseases

 

Communicable Diseases Or Infectious diseases

Communicable diseases or infectious diseases are the diseases which can transmit from one unhealthy person to a healthy person .These are contagious disease which can spread with the help certain factors or agents. These disease also spread through microorganisms  like Bacteria, Viruses , Fungi ,Protozoa. click on the link to know more about microbes

 

Let’s learn some of the ways by which communicable diseases can spread:

1.Through the air we breathe :

Air is a mixture of gases and other than gases it contains dust, dirt, tiny microorganisms, spores, disease causing germs etc. When a unhealthy person sneeze or cough the germs present in his or her body releases into the air .When a healthy comes in contact with such a germs or breathe the air germs enter in his or body and make them infected. These germs cause various diseases such as common cold ,influenza, diphtheria ,whooping cough COVID-19 etc.

 

Ways to prevent :

  • Always cover your nose and mouth with a handkerchief while coughing or sneezing.
  • Avoid going to public places. Use masks .
  • Keep yourself away from small kids and elder people because they are very prone to get infected.
  • If you are suffering from any contagious disease then stay at home.

 

2.Through infected food and water:

Food and water are the basic necessity of life but if this get infected or contaminated then it can cause great threat  to life and mankind. Food and water get infected due to various reasons like due to unhygienic conditions or surrounding.

If food is kept uncovered then house flies or cockroaches sit on them and transfer germs on it because it sits on garbage, spoiled food and many such areas on the wings of houseflies germs get stick and when it sit on food item it get settle down there and leads to contamination of food. Diseased milk or egg giving animal also cause diseases to human being. Excess use of pesticides and fertilizers can also be a reason for food and water contamination.

Water also gets  contaminated due to human activities like dumping of wastes, Throwing factory waste without treating, Handling and storing food and water with dirty hands and in dirty utensils  .Excess use of chlorine gas into water storage tanks etc. All such conditions leads to diseases like Cholera, Typhoid Jaundice, Diarrhea ,Polio.

Ways to prevent:

  • Always keep the food and water in a covered and clean container.
  • Keep your surrounding and environment clean.
  • Through the factory waste after proper treatment . 

 

3.Through direct contact:

As CDS are infectious disease so there are more chances of getting infected through direct contact many of the Fungal and Bacterial disease are having the evidence of spread through direct contact with the infected person. The  clothing and other articles used by a infected person may carry germs. When an infected person comes in contact with the healthy person ,the germs may enter his or her body.These germs can cause the diseases like Chickenpox ,measles, ringworm ,whooping cough and common cold .

Ways to prevent:

  • Keep the belongings of patients away from young kids and old age people .
  • Disinfect the belongings and room of patient
  • Inform the civic authorities about the disease.
  • Person suffering from such a disease should not be allowed to go outside.

 

4.Insect Bites:

Communicable diseases spread through insect bites .when a mosquito bites a person suffering from malaria or dengue ,it sucks blood that contains germs of malaria or dengue. When this mosquito bites a healthy person also cause diseases in them .Disease like malaria, plague ,yellow fever and dengue spread by the bites of insects like rat fleas, bugs and sand flies.

Ways to prevent

  • Do not allow water to stagnate in your compound ,balcony or nearby areas stagnant water is the breeding ground of mosquitoes.
  • Keep your surrounding clean and germ free.
  • Use mosquito repellent or oil. It will kill the larvae of mosquitoes.
  • Use mosquito nets. It will help to prevent mosquito bites.

Communicable Diseases can be avoided by taking precautions and preventive measures.

Nowadays medical science is so advanced that we have vaccination for almost all communicable diseases. 

In the next blog you will learn about non communicable diseases.